| Notes |
- "The peculiar history of the American Johnstones of Annandale begins properly with Captain the Hon. John Johnstone, second son of James, Earl of Annandale and Hartfell and Lady Henrietta Douglas and brother of William first Marquess of Annandale. Raised in the home of his uncle, the Duke of Hamilton, John’s ardent support of the fated Stuart cause (which monarchs, besides being related to had ennobled his forebears) led his descendants into many strange adventures. John was married to Elizabeth, daughter of Gabriel Belchier in 1698 and went to France with the deposed James II, serving "with distinction" under Louis XIV. The Battle of Boyne found him still further out of grace with the existing government, but the influence of his brother, who had espoused the cause of William and Mary, saved his life. Shortly afterward he was enabled to return to the ancestral Scottish border estates of Annandale. Here, for a while, he and his sons resided at "Stapleton," an ancient fortress-tower overlooking a branch of the Annan."
Source information: Johnson, James D. "Town of Andrews Situated On Land of Annandale Scions." The News and Courier. Charleston, SC, 1941. April 1, 2005. http://members.tripod.com/~andrews_sc/history1790.html
Papers Relating to the Scots in Poland (1576 - 1798)
General Introduction by A. Francis Steuart - Part II
"After all these weary tracasseries of the cramers, it is refreshing, if only by way of contrast, to come to the military Scot in Poland, who was, if not more noble by birth than many of the merchants, yet considerably more interesting. Dr. Fischer tells us much less about them.....
[Fischer, Scots in Eastern and Western Prussia.]
.....We also discover the names of Captain Reay and of Major-General Count von Johnston, a colonel of a regiment of cuirassiers."
Source information: Steuart, Francis A. "Papers Relating to the Scots in Poland (1576 - 1798)." April 1, 2005. http://www.electricscotland.com/history/poland/intro-2.htm
"Very numerous, of course, were the Scottish officers in the service of the King of Poland. To the names already mentioned we may here add those of Captain James Murray, who in 1627 commissions Jacob Rowan at Danzig to collect his pension; Captain Reay who figures in a rather curious case of wrongful imprisonment; and Major-General Count von Johnston, who was also Colonel of a Regiment of Cuirassiers."
Source information: "Scots in Eastern and Western Prussia-Part II – Military, Ecclesiastical and other Matters." April 1, 2005. http://www.electricscotland.com/history/poland/intro-2.htm
"The Royal Scots"
Regiment - Year and Title
* 1633 to 1678 - In French service as Le Regiment D'Hebron and Le Regiment Douglas with exception for two periods when at home between 1661 and 1667.
* 1678 - Earl of Dumbarton's Regiment of Foot.
* Two Battalions in existance.
* 1684 - The Royal Regiment of Foot.
* 1686 - Regiment divided into 1st and 2nd Battalions.
* 1751 - 1st, or The Royal Regiment of Foot.
* 1804 - 3rd and 4th Battalions raised.
* 1812 - 1st Regiment of Foot, or Royal Scots.
* 1817 - The 3rd and 4th Battalions disbanded.
* 1821 - 1st, or The Royal Regiment of Foot.
* 1871 - 1st, or The Royal Scots Regiment.
* 1881 - (May) The Lothian Regiment (Royal Scots).
* 1881 - (July) The Royal Scots (The Lothian Regiment).
* 1920 - The Royal Scots (The Royal Regiment).
* 1949 - The 2nd Battalion amalgamated with the 1st Battalion.
"The Royal Scots have the distinction of being not only the oldest of the Scottish regiments but the oldest regiment in the British Army.
In 1633 Sir John Hepburn offered to raise a regiment for service with the French in the Thirty Years' War against Austria and Spain. He absorbed what remained of some Scottish companies which had been in the French service since 1590 and some officers and men from other French-Scottish units such as the Scottish Guard and the Scottish Men-at-Arms. In March, 1633, King Charles I granted a warrant authorising men to be raised for the regiment in Scotland and that date is generally taken as the beginning of the regiment as a British regiment. Hepburn's claim of precedence for the regiment over all others in the French service caused some bad feeling and as a hit at mercenaries, one of the senior French regiments nicknamed it "Pontius Pilate's Bodyguard." Sir John Hepburn was only 38 when he was killed at the siege of Saverne in 1636.
In 1684 the title of 'The Royal Regiment of Foot' was conferred on it.
The regiment gained its first battle honour in 1680 at Tangier and later was heavily engaged at the battles of Steenkirk and Landen and the siege of Namur, during King William's War of 1689-1697. From 1701 to 1713 it took part under Marlborough in the War of the Spanish Succession and in 1745 it was in the first line of attack on the bloody field of Fontenoy."
Source Information: "The Royal Scots Lineage Page." http://www.btinternet.com/~james.mckay/royal1st.htm
"From Whig histories one would gain the impression that the national army supported William. But there was widespread dissatisfaction throughout the country. William feared a national uprising led by English army units. Of 40,000 in the British army, 10,000 were dismissed and 10,000 sent to man towns in Ireland. A further 10,000 were ordered to Holland. This left 10,000 English troops to face an occupation force of 19,000.
There was army unrest and a regiment at Ipswich refused to embark, under a Dutch general, for Holland. Seizing cannon they marched to join pro-James forces in Scotland. It was politically embarrassing for the Dutch to attack British troops on English soil, but William couldn't rely on the loyalty of any English troops he might send against them. So 4,000 Dutch cavalry under General Ginkal were sent. They surrounded them at Sleaford in Lincolnshire. Being outnumbered, the British had to surrender and were quickly sent to Holland.
William warned his commander in Holland that the 10,000 British troops were unreliable. They were constantly toasting 'King James'. The Ipswich event led to the 1689 Mutiny Act ordering the death penalty for mutiny or desertion. All fighting against James' supporters from 1689 till 1691 was, apart from Mackay, under the command of foreign generals. These were Soims, Ginkal, Schomberg, Wilhelm and Ruvigny. The occupation of Ulster in 1689 was organised principally by Bentinck, Schomberg and Solms.
Not one English minister or commander played a significant part in this major operation. Of Schomberg's eight aides, one only could speak English. It was Dutch, Danish and Huguenot troops supported by modern powerful Dutch artillery that won the battle of the Boyne. The Dutch could not risking ordering English or Scottish troops to fire on James' army, so kept them in the rear. In modern language, Britain had become a military satellite of Holland."
Source information: Barton, Dennis. James ll and the Glorious Revolution of 1688. The Church in History Information Centre. Apr 1, 2005. http://www.church-in-history.org/pages/booklets/king-james(n)-4.htm
Born in Dresden, Saxony, Frederick Augustus was the son of John George III and Princess Anne Sophie of Denmark. In 1694, upon the death of his elder brother John George IV, he became Elector of Saxony as Frederick Augustus I. Following the death of the Polish king John III Sobieski, Augustus converted to Catholicism and was elected king of Poland in 1697 with the help and support of Russia and Austria. He also had financial support from a successful Jewish banker, Berend Lehmann. The legality of the election was questioned by some Poles.
About Frederick August (Augustus ll), Elector fo Saxony, King of Poland:
"An ambitious ruler, Augustus hoped to make the Polish throne hereditary within his family, and to use his resources as Elector of Saxony to impose some order on the chaotic Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. However, he was soon distracted from his internal reform projects by the possibility of external conquest. He formed an alliance with Frederick IV of Denmark and Peter I of Russia to despoil the young king Charles XII of Sweden of his possessions. Poland's reward was to be the Swedish territory of Livonia. Charles proved to be an able military commander, however, quickly forcing the Danes out of the war and then temporarily driving back the Russians at Narva, allowing him to focus on the struggle with Augustus. Charles defeated Augustus at Riga on June 17, 1701, forcing the Polish-Saxon army to withdraw from Livonia, and followed this up by an invasion of Poland, seizing Warsaw on May 14, 1702, defeating the Polish-Saxon army again at Kliszow, and seizing Cracow. Another Augustan army was defeated at Pultusk in the spring of the next year, and Charles besieged and captured Thorn.
By this time, Augustus was certainly ready for peace, but Charles felt that he would be more secure if he could establish a more pliable candidate on the Polish throne. The Swedes installed Stanislas Leszczyn'ski in 1704, and Charles invaded Saxony itself in 1706, forcing Augustus to give up the Polish throne to Stanislas by the Treaty of Altranstadt.
After the Swedish defeat in the Battle of Poltava, he returned to the throne under Russian auspices in 1709. For the remainder of his reign, he was more or less dependent on Russia (and, to a lesser extent, Austria) to maintain his position as King, although it was an uneasy relationship. Augustus died in 1733. Although he was unsuccessful in his attempt to make the Polish kingdom hereditary, his eldest son, Frederick Augustus II of Saxony, followed him as King of Poland as Augustus III, although he had to be installed by a Russian army in the War of the Polish Succession.
Augustus II was called Augustus the Strong for his bearlike strength and also for his numerous offspring. It is sometimes written that he sired 365 children. Although this figure would be extremely difficult to verify, Augustus II did father a very large number of illegitimate children, the most famous of whom was Maurice de Saxe (his son by Aurora von Königsmarck), the brilliant French military commander.
He successfully set out to discover the secret of the "White Gold", as the porcelain he produced in Dresden and Meissen was called. He also gathered many of the best architects and painters from all over Europe in Dresden, and his rule marks the beginning of Dresden's development as a leading centre of technology and art. Augustus's body was buried in Poland --all but his heart, which is in Dresden castle."
Source information: "Augustus II of Poland." Wikopedia.org. Apr 1, 2005. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustus_II_of_Poland
"From a book, 'Scots in the Carolinas' by Dobson:
Three children of John Johnstone of Stapleton and his wife Elizabeth Belcher came to NC.
1. Elizabeth Johnstone wife of Thomas Kenan and son Kenneth b 1740. Emigrated via Ireland to Wilmington, NC 1733
2. Gabriel Johnston, Gov NC 1733-1752 b Dundee, Angus. m Frances??? Their daughter was Penelope.
Note Frances m John Rutherford after Gabriel died.
3. Gilbert Johnston, b in Scotland (3rd son of John of Johnstone and Elizabeth Belcher)
He was father of Gilbert, Henry and Robert.
Jacobite in 1745, emigrated to Cape Fear, NC 1746, d 1775
My line is via Henry who married Catherine Knox (where? or when?)
Henry children:
Margaret Mary married Abraham Scott in NC
Col James Johnston"
Source Information: Baucaum, Jim. "NC Johnstone Siblings 1700-1775." Message post #1886, November 02, 1999. Johnston Family Genealogy Forum. Genforum.com. April 2, 2005. http://genforum.genealogy.com/johnston/messages/1846.html
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1665 - 1714 (49 years)
[3, 4] 
